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Disal Injection

Description of Disal Injection

Uses

Disal Injection is an effective diuretic-saluretic for use in the treatment of acute noninflammatory tissue edema in dogs and horses, and for use in the treatment of edema (pulmonary congestion, ascites) associated with cardiac insufficiency in the dog.

Dosage and Administration

Dogs-Administer intravenously or intramuscularly 0.25 to 0.50 mL per 10 pounds body weight once or twice daily at 6 to 8 hour intervals.

The dosage should be adjusted to the individual's response. In severe edematous or refractory cases, the dose may be doubled or increased by increments of 1.0 mg per pound of body weight. The established effective dose should be administered once or twice daily. Discontinue diuretic therapy with Disal Injection, 50 mg/mL after initiation of acute fluid mobilization or stabilization of patient; when necessary Disal Tablets may be used for maintenance therapy (see Disal Tablets insert for details). Do not exceed treatment with Disal Injection, 50 mg/mL for more than 3 days. The daily schedule of administration can be timed to control the period of micturition for the convenience of the client or veterinarian. Mobilization of the edema may be most efficiently and safely accomplished by utilizing an intermittent daily dose schedule, i.e., every other day or 2 to 4 consecutive days weekly.

Horses-The usual parenteral dosage of furosemide in horses is approximately 0.5 mg/lb body weight (1.0 mg/kg). See dosage schedule below. A prompt diuresis usually ensues from the initial treatment. Administer once or twice daily at 6 to 8 hour intervals either intravenously or intramuscularly until desired results are achieved.

The dosage should be adjusted to the individual's response. In severe edematous or refractory cases, the dose may be doubled or increased by increments of 0.5 mg per pound of body weight. The established effective dose should be administered once or twice daily. The daily schedule of administration can be timed to control the period of micturition for the convenience of the client or veterinarian. Mobilization of the edema may be most efficiently and safely accomplished by utilizing an intermittent daily dose schedule, i.e., every other day or 2 to 4 consecutive days weekly.

Diuretic therapy for both dogs and horses should be discontinued after reduction of the edema, or maintained after determining a carefully programmed dosage schedule to prevent recurrence of edema. For long-term treatment, the dose can generally be lowered after the edema has once been reduced. Re-examination and consultations with the client will enhance the establishment of a satisfactorily programmed dosage schedule. Clinical examination and serum BUN, CO₂ and electrolyte determinations should be performed during the early period of therapy and periodically thereafter, especially in refractory cases. Abnormalities should be corrected or the drug temporarily withdrawn.

 

Contra-indications

Animal reproductive studies have shown that furosemide may cause fetal abnormality and the drug is contraindicated in pregnant bitches, mares and stallions at stud.

Furosemide is contraindicated in anuria, furosemide hypersensitivity, hepatic coma, or during electrolytic imbalances. Monitor serum electrolytes, BUN and CO₂ frequently. Monitor serum potassium levels and watch for signs of hypocalcemia.

Pharmaceutical Precautions

Disal Injection is a highly effective diuretic-saluretic which, if given in excessive amounts, may result in dehydration and have to be adjusted to the patient's needs. The animal should be observed for early signs of electrolyte imbalance, and corrective measures administered. Early signs of electrolyte imbalance are increased thirst, lethargy, drowsiness or restlessness, fatigue, oliguria, gastro-intestinal disturbances and tachycardia. Special attention should be given to potassium levels. Disal Injection may lower serum calcium levels and cause tetany in rare cases of animals having an existing hypocalcemic tendency.^{7 8 9 10 11}

Disal Injection is contraindicated in anuria. Therapy should be discontinued in cases of progressive renal disease if increasing azotemia and oliguria occur during the treatment. Sudden alterations of fluid and electrolyte imbalance in an animal with cirrhosis may precipitate hepatic coma, therefore observation during period of therapy is necessary. In hepatic coma and in states of electrolyte depletion, therapy should not be instituted until the basic condition is improved or corrected. Potassium supplementation may be necessary in cases routinely treated with potassium-depleting steroids.

Active or latent diabetes mellitus may, on rare occasions be exacerbated by furosemide. Transient loss of auditory capacity has been experimentally produced in cats following intravenous injections of excessive doses of furosemide at a very rapid rate.

Warnings: Disal Injection is a highly effective diuretic and, if given in excessive amounts, as with any diuretic, may lead to excessive diuresis which could result in electrolyte imbalance, dehydration and reduction of plasma volume, enhancing the risk of circulatory collapse, thrombosis and embolism. Therefore, the animal should be observed for early signs of fluid depletion with electrolyte imbalance, and corrective measures administered. Excessive loss of potassium in patients receiving digitalis or its glycosides may precipitate digitalis toxicity. Caution should be exercised in animals administered potassium-depleting steroids. Correct potassium deficiency with proper dietary supplementation. If animal needs potassium supplements, use oral liquid form; do not use enteric-coated potassium tablets.

The concurrent use of furosemide with some antibiotics may be inadvisable. There is evidence that the drug enhances the nephrotoxic potential of aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and polymyxins and increases the ototoxic effects of all aminoglycosides.

Sulfonamide diuretics have been reported to decrease arterial responsiveness to pressor amines and to enhance the effect of tubocurarine. Caution should be exercised in administering curare or its derivatives to patients undergoing therapy with Disal Injection and it is advisable to discontinue Disal Injection for one day prior to any elective surgery.

Do not use in horses intended for food.

Store at controlled room temperature, 59°-86°F (15°-30°C).

 

 

 

 

 

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